Manganese Sulphate (Monohydrate)

Manganese sulphate is supplied as the monohydrate, MnSO4·H2O, a pale pink crystalline powder that is slightly hygroscopic and freely soluble in water at roughly 76 g per 100 mL while being practically insoluble in ethanol (96 per cent). It is the highest-manganese practical salt in routine nutritional use, carrying 31.8 to 33.2 per cent elemental manganese on an as-is basis against a theoretical 32.5 per cent, with loss on ignition of 10.0 to 12.0 per cent at 500 plus or minus 50 degrees C accounting for the single water of crystallisation. Thovek offers the material against two assay bases so buyers can match their own release specification: the USP monograph sets 98.0 to 102.0 per cent of MnSO4·H2O, while Ph. Eur. monograph 1543 and the corresponding BP text set 99.0 to 101.0 per cent calculated on the ignited substance. Pharmacopoeial grades also carry the Ph. Eur. impurity limits of chlorides not more than 100 ppm, iron not more than 10 ppm and zinc not more than 50 ppm. Manganese is an essential trace element and functions as a cofactor for manganese superoxide dismutase, arginase and pyruvate carboxylase, contributing to normal energy-yielding metabolism and to the normal formation of connective tissue and bone. Manganese sulphate is listed in Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC as a permitted manganese source for food supplements. Both fine powder and free-flowing granular grades are produced, the powder grade holding not more than 5 per cent retained on 60 mesh so that it disperses evenly in low-inclusion trace mineral premixes. Feed grade and technical grade are available for premix, micronutrient fertiliser and fermentation media users at lower cost. Every lot is released with a certificate of analysis covering assay, manganese content, loss on ignition, solution clarity, chlorides, iron, zinc, lead (NMT 4 ppm), arsenic (NMT 3 ppm) and microbiological counts. Shipments classify under HS 2833 29 40, which is India's dedicated tariff line for manganese sulphate.